Pregnancy and Constipation

Constipation is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Medical researchers estimate that between 11 and 38% of expectant mothers experience the condition at some time during their pregnancies.

The causes typically have to do with increased absorption of water through the lining of the colon. As the woman “eats for two,” unusually large amounts of water leave the intestinal tract to carry nutrients.

The absence of water in the contents of the colon makes the stool hard and dry. Drinking more water, of course, offsets these symptoms.

Another cause of this condition is mechanical. The expanding uterus interferes with the motion of the muscles in the bowel that move stool downward and outward.

It would seem logical to take a laxative to make up for the pressure on the bowel. Stimulant laxatives are probably OK for occasional use, but they shouldn’t be used more than 2-3 times in 2-3 weeks.

That’s because the muscles lining the bowel can become dependent on ever-greater doses of the laxative for bowel movement to occur. At some point, the next and bigger dose inevitably causes diarrhea, and diarrhea can cause problems for both mother and baby.

Generally speaking, pregnancy constipation should be treated conservatively. Useful methods include:

Adding fiber-rich foods to the daily diet. Taking bulking agents, such as psyllium (Metamucil). Drinking more water. And, Kegel exercises, in this case, tightening and releasing the peri-anal area up to 50 times a day. This exercise increases blood flow to the rectum and provides energy for bowel movement.

Pregnancy constipation should not be treated with mineral oil, stool softeners, or castor oil, all of which can induce or inhibit uterine contraction.

Most important of all, if you feel the urge to have a bowel movement, go to the bathroom immediately. The faster you evacuate the bowel the more fluid it retains, the softer it is, and the most quickly the symptoms of pregnancy constipation pass.

Also read our article about Constipation and Bloating